This article reviews the literature on comparative real wages in history that has emerged
over the past two decades. Research has shown that unskilled men's real wages were …

Cash-crop diffusion in colonial Africa was uneven and defied colonizers' expectations and
efforts, especially for cotton. This study investigates how agricultural seasonality affected …

From the late 19th into the mid-20th century millions of people migrated, seasonally or more
permanently, to regions where African farmers produced cocoa, groundnuts, coffee, cotton …

Were colonial capitals islands of relative prosperity in West Africa, or did incomes in smaller
cities keep up with income levels in major cities like Dakar? Though recent work has shown …

This study presents new empirical evidence on the structure of income of African workers in
the Port of Dakar between 1911 and 1940. It provides a systematic series of public wages …

The relationship between capitalism and slavery has been contentious because, in the
Atlantic economy, enslaved people functioned as commodities, as labor, and as assets. The …

Des chiffres comptables et statistiques sont produits dans les colonies. Ils ont un coût et
impliquent des individus à tous les échelons et dans tous les territoires. Pleinement …