THE LEVEL of the nation's investment in children is enormous. Government expenditures on
elementary, secondary, and postsecondary schooling alone totaled about $372 billion in …

Publisher Summary This chapter reviews recent advances in the empirical literature on the
role that households and families play in investing in human resources. It describes the …

Using Danish administrative data, we study the impacts of children on gender inequality in
the labor market. The arrival of children creates a long-run gender gap in earnings of around …

There are fewer people living in extreme poverty in the world today than 30 years ago. While
that is an achievement, continuing progress for poor people is far from assured. Inequalities …

Multidimensional poverty measurement and analysis is evolving rapidly. A particular
counting approach to multidimensional poverty measurement, developed by Sabina Alkire …

This paper introduces a new IV strategy based on IVF (in vitro fertilization) induced fertility
variation among childless women to estimate the causal effect of having children on their …

Africa is poised on the edge of a potential takeoff to sustained economic growth. This takeoff
can be abetted by a demographic dividend from the changes in population age structure …

This paper develops a new approach to estimating child penalties based on crosssectional
data and pseudo-event studies around child birth. The approach is applied to US data and …

" Introduction God made the integers, all the rest is the work of man.-Kronecker. This book is
concerned with models of event counts. An event count refers to the number of times an …

Our future depends very much on how we respond to three great challenges of the new
century, all of which threaten to increase social inequality: first, how we adapt institutions to …