The extraordinary adaptations of birds to contend with atmospheric conditions during their
migratory flights have captivated ecologists for decades. During the 21st century …

Abstract Changes in phenology and distribution are being widely reported for many
migratory species in response to shifting environmental conditions. Understanding these …

Migration, broadly defined as directional movement to take advantage of spatially distributed
resources, is a dramatic behaviour and an important component of many life histories that …

Tracking repeat migratory journeys of individual animals is required to assess phenotypic
plasticity of individual migration behaviour in space and time. We used light-level …

Migratory vertebrates adjust their movements in response to environmental change.
Throughout their migrations, they gather information, integrate environmental and internal …

Globally, bird migration is occurring earlier in the year, consistent with climate-related
changes in breeding resources. Although often attributed to phenotypic plasticity, there is no …

Birds migrate over vast distances at substantial costs. The highly dynamic nature of the air
makes the selection of the best travel route difficult. We investigated to what extent migratory …

Body condition (ie relative mass after correcting for structural size) affects the behaviour of
migrating birds, but how body condition affects migratory performance, timing and fitness is …

Flexibility in scheduling varies throughout an organism's annual cycle, reflecting relative
temporal constraints and fitness consequences among life-history stages. Time-selection …

In birds, accumulating energy is far slower than spending energy during flight. During
migration, birds spend, therefore, most of the time at stopover refueling energy used during …