Retrofitting of existing buildings offers significant opportunities for reducing global energy
consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. This is being considered as one of main …

Of all industrial sectors, the built environment puts the most pressure on the natural
environment, and in spite of significant efforts the International Energy Agency suggests that …

Abstracts Energy Efficiency Retrofit (EER) of existing buildings is a key program for
improving building energy efficiency in northern regions of China. This paper presents a …

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is becoming increasingly mainstream as an early-stage design-
decision tool for buildings. Still, there are considerable variations in how the method is …

One of the largest threats to future development is climate change. Apparently, the building
sector has been the largest source of greenhouse gas production. One prospective solution …

The built environment significantly contributes to climate change. There is pressure on the
construction industry to find and use alternative sustainable environmentally friendly …

This paper aims to review the publications in the field of Life Cycle Sustainability
Assessment (LCSA) of building energy retrofitting. The main focus is to demonstrate the …

This paper reviews the advantages of combining complementary environmental evaluation
tools–ecological footprint, life cycle assessment and environmental risk assessment–that …

The building sector is one of the key consumers of energy worldwide. Thus, the retrofitting of
existing buildings provides excellent opportunities for reducing energy consumption and …

When a building undergoes a retrofit project, the goal of assessing energy and
environmental performances of retrofit actions is a complex matter. Building and its …