Thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) is a set of redox reactions between organic matter
and sulfates at temperatures> 120° C, and occurs in varied environments including deeply …

Abstract The Archean era (4 to 2.5 billion years ago, Ga) yielded rocks that include the
oldest conclusive traces of life as well as many controversial occurrences. Carbonaceous …

Geological evidence indicates that grounded ice sheets reached sea level at all latitudes
during two long-lived Cryogenian (58 and≥ 5 My) glaciations. Combined uranium-lead and …

The rise of atmospheric oxygen fundamentally changed the chemistry of surficial
environments and the nature of Earth's habitability. Early atmospheric oxygenation occurred …

The Cryogenian Sturtian and Marinoan Snowball Earth glaciations bracket a nonglacial
interval during which Demosponge and green-algal biomarkers first appear. To understand …

Molecular oxygen (O2) is, and has been, a primary driver of biological evolution and shapes
the contemporary landscape of Earth's biogeochemical cycles. Although “whiffs” of oxygen …

The sulfur biogeochemical cycle integrates the metabolic activity of multiple microbial
pathways (eg, sulfate reduction, disproportionation, and sulfide oxidation) along with abiotic …

The origin of oxygenic photosynthesis was the most important metabolic innovation in Earth
history. It allowed life to generate energy and reducing power directly from sunlight and …

Construction and assembly of the Geologic Time Scale involves:(a) constructing a relative
(chronostratigraphic) standard scale for key periods in the Earth's rock record;(b) identifying …

Uncovers the Key Role Microbes Play in the Transformation of Oxidizable and Reducible
MineralsMany areas of geomicrobial processes are receiving serious attention from …