Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are chemicals emitted as products of cell metabolism,
which reflects the physiological and pathological conditions of any living organisms. These …

Leishmania infantum is the agent of visceral leishmaniasis in the Mediterranean basin. It is
transmitted by sandflies of the subgenus Larroussius. Although Phlebotomus perniciosus is …

Toscana virus is a sandfly-borne human pathogen belonging to Phlebovirus genus into
Phenuiviridae family. It is emerging in north Africa posing a complex threat to public health …

Sand flies are vectors of great public health importance, since they constitute a group of
hematophagous insects responsible for etiological agents transmission of zoonotic diseases …

Turkey is among the countries where sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are responsible for
the endemic presence of leishmaniasis. Understanding the feeding behaviour of …

Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease that is often fatal in affected patients and represents a
major public health problem. At present, no vaccine is available, and the drug treatments …

Kala azar is a predominant parasitic disease with different clinical manifestations in Al-
Muthanna. It represents an important public health problem because of its impact on many …