A variety of human birth defects originate in failure of closure of the embryonic neural tube.
The genetic cause of the most common nonsyndromic defects, spina bifida (SB) or …

Spina bifida is among the phenotypes of the larger condition known as neural tube defects
(NTDs). It is the most common central nervous system malformation compatible with life and …

Neural-tube defects such as anencephaly and spina bifida constitute a group of common
congenital malformations caused by complex genetic and environmental factors. We have …

Spinal and spinal cord malformations are collectively named spinal dysraphisms. They arise
from defects occurring in the early embryological stages of gastrulation (weeks 2–3), primary …

Objective To identify criteria useful for differentiating closed from open spina bifida
antenatally. Patients and methods A retrospective study of cases of spina bifida diagnosed …

Spinal dysraphisms (SDs) are congenital malformations of the spinal cord, determined by
derangement in the complex cascade of embryologic events involved in spinal …

Homozygosity for the C677T mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)
gene is a risk factor for neural tube defects (NTDs) in many populations, including Italians …

In higher vertebrates, the primordium of the nervous system, the neural tube, is shaped
along the rostrocaudal axis through two consecutive, radically different processes referred to …

✓ Spinal lipomas, particularly lipomas of the conus medullaris and terminal filum, are the
most common form of occult spinal dysraphism and represent a wide spectrum of disease …

Objective Congenital abnormalities of the spine and spinal cord are referred to as spinal
dysraphisms. This article reviews normal embryological development of the spine and spinal …