Lactate in the brain has long been associated with ischaemia; however, more recent
evidence shows that it can be found there under physiological conditions. In the brain …

The energy demands of the brain are high: they account for at least 20% of the body's
energy consumption. Evolutionary studies indicate that the emergence of higher cognitive …

The energy requirements of the brain are very high, and tight regulatory mechanisms
operate to ensure adequate spatial and temporal delivery of energy substrates in register …

Since its introduction 16 years ago, the astrocyte–neuron lactate shuttle (ANLS) model has
profoundly modified our understanding of neuroenergetics by bringing a cellular and …

Glycogen metabolism has important implications for the functioning of the brain, especially
the cooperation between astrocytes and neurons. According to various research data, in a …

When administered either systemically or centrally, glucose is a potent enhancer of memory
processes. Measures of glucose levels in extracellular fluid in the rat hippocampus during …

Potential roles for lactate in the energetics of brain activation have changed radically during
the past three decades, shifting from waste product to supplemental fuel and signaling …

The retina is part of the central nervous system, and shares the characteristically high
metabolism of the brain. The high energy demand of the retina is normally matched with a …

Cerebral energy metabolism is a highly compartmentalized and complex process in which
transcellular trafficking of metabolites plays a pivotal role. Over the past decade, a role for …

Understanding brain energy metabolism—neuroenergetics—is becoming increasingly
important as it can be identified repeatedly as the source of neurological perturbations …