Mechanisms behind the phenomenon of Arctic amplification are widely discussed. To
contribute to this debate, the (AC) 3 project was established in 2016 (www. ac3-tr. de/). It …

The Arctic is warming at more than twice the rate of the global average. This warming is
influenced by clouds, which modulate the solar and terrestrial radiative fluxes and, thus …

We combine satellite data products to provide a first and general overview of the sea-ice
conditions along the MOSAiC drift and a comparison with previous years. We find that the …

Riming is a key process of precipitation formation in ice‐containing clouds, but quantifying
riming from observations is challenging, limiting our ability to evaluate the riming process in …

Remote sensing instruments are heavily used to provide observations for both the
operational and research communities. These sensors do not provide direct observations of …

The dendritic growth layer (DGL), defined as the temperature region between-20 and-10∘
C, plays an important role for ice depositional growth, aggregation and potentially secondary …

Airborne in-situ cloud measurements were carried out over the northern Fram Strait between
Greenland and Svalbard in spring 2019 and summer 2020. In total, 815 minutes of low-level …

Secondary ice production (SIP) has an essential role in cloud and precipitation
microphysics. In recent years, substantial insights were gained into SIP by combining …

This article introduces PyRTlib, a new standalone Python package for non-scattering line-by-
line microwave radiative transfer simulations. PyRTlib is a flexible and user-friendly tool for …

Vertically pointing radar observations combining multiple frequencies and Doppler
measurements have been recently shown to contain valuable information about ice particle …