Modeling and simulation emerges as a fundamental asset of drug development. Mechanistic
modeling builds upon its strength to integrate various data to represent a detailed structural …

Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are mechanistic tools generally
employed in the pharmaceutical industry and environmental health risk assessment. These …

In quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) and physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic
(PBPK) modeling, data digitizing is a valuable tool to extract numerical information from …

Motivation Model-based approaches to safety and efficacy assessment of pharmacological
drugs, treatment strategies or medical devices (In Silico Clinical Trial, ISCT) aim to decrease …

Non-clinical models to study metabolism including animal models and cell assays are often
limited in terms of species translatability and predictability of human biology. This field …

Drug‐drug interactions (DDIs) and drug‐gene interactions (DGIs) are well known mediators
for adverse drug reactions (ADRs), which are among the leading causes of death in many …

The older population consisting of persons aged 65 years or older is the fastest-growing
population group and also the major consumer of pharmaceutical products. Due to the …

The antifungal ketoconazole, which is mainly used for dermal infections and treatment of
Cushing's syndrome, is prone to drug–food interactions (DFIs) and is well known for its …

Abstract Brivaracetam (BRV), a third-generation antiepileptic drug (AED), is primarily
metabolized through amidase hydrolysis and CYP2C19-mediated hydroxylation in vivo. This …

Background Metformin is a widely prescribed antidiabetic BCS Class III drug (low
permeability) that depends on active transport for its absorption and disposition. It is …