The industrial activities of the last century have caused massive increases in human
exposure to heavy metals. Mercury, lead, chromium, cadmium, and arsenic have been the …

The complex pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder encompasses interactions
between genetic and environmental factors. On the one hand, hundreds of genes …

Several heavy metals are found naturally in the earth crust and are exploited for various
industrial and economic purposes. Among these heavy metals, a few have direct or indirect …

Background According to recent evidence, up to 40–50% of variance in autism spectrum
disorder (ASD) liability might be determined by environmental factors. In the present paper …

All life forms have an absolute requirement for metals, as metals play critical roles in
fundamental processes, including osmotic regulation, catalysis, metabolism …

Significance: Essential metals such as copper, iron, manganese, and zinc play a role as
cofactors in the activity of a wide range of processes involved in cellular homeostasis and …

Recent studies have revealed synaptic dysfunction to be a hallmark of various psychiatric
diseases, and that glial cells participate in synapse formation, development, and plasticity …

Few criminologists have drawn attention to the fact that widespread and significant forms of
harm such as green or environmental crimes are neglected by criminology. Others have …

Multiple non-animal-based test methods have never been formally validated. In order to use
such new approach methods (NAMs) in a regulatory context, criteria to define their …

Transcranial direct current stimulation is a noninvasive technique that has been
experimentally tested for a number of psychiatric and neurological conditions. Preliminary …