The plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase is an important ion pump in the plant cell
membrane. By extruding protons from the cell and generating a membrane potential, this …

The promotive effect of auxin on shoot cell expansion provided the bioassay used to isolate
this central plant hormone nearly a century ago. While the mechanisms underlying auxin …

To improve water and nutrient acquisition from the soil, plants can modulate their root
system architecture. Despite the importance of changes in root architecture to exploit local …

Direct interactions between proteins are essential for the regulation of their functions in
biological pathways. Targeting the complex network of protein–protein interactions (PPIs) …

The eukaryotic cell is a bustling collection of macromolecules acting cooperatively to
mediate the functions required for cell viability. Specific, context-dependent and tightly …

Since Hedin's characterization of trypsin and antitrypsin in 1906,(1) arguably the first
account of a regulatory protein–protein interaction (PPI), contemporary understanding of …

Plants in nature are constantly exposed to organisms that touch them and wound them. A
highly conserved response to these stimuli is a rapid collapse of membrane potential (ie a …

Identification and confirmation of bioactive small‐molecule targets is a crucial, often decisive
step both in academic and pharmaceutical research. Through the development and …

Signal transduction cascades efficiently transmit chemical and/or physical signals from the
extracellular environment to intracellular compartments, thereby eliciting an appropriate …

Dynamic networks of protein–protein interactions regulate numerous cellular processes and
determine the ability to respond appropriately to environmental stimuli. However, the …