Abstract Purpose of Review We sought to examine the role of social and environmental
conditions that determine an individual's behaviors and risk of disease—collectively known …

Rural-urban differences in morbidity and mortality across the United States have been well
documented and termed the “rural mortality penalty”. However, research studies frequently …

This article synthesizes knowledge on the role of relationships and key macro and micro-
contexts—poverty, racism, families, communities, schools, and peers—in supporting and/or …

Introduction Current knowledge of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) relies on data
predominantly collected from white, middle-/upper-middle-class participants and focuses on …

Reducing health disparities requires an understanding of the mechanisms that generate
disparities. Life course approaches to health disparities leverage theories that explain how …

Importance The association between poverty and unfavorable cognitive outcomes is robust,
but most research has focused on individual household socioeconomic status (SES). There …

Background In recent decades, the social determinants of health (SDOH) has gained
increasing prominence as a foundational concept for population and public health in …

Background The association between disease and socioeconomic position (SEP) is well
established. Allostatic load (AL), or physiological 'wear and tear', is a concept that aims to …

Residing in socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods may pose substantial physiological
stress, which can then lead to higher allostatic load (AL), a marker of biological wear and …

Financial fragility is recognized as a substantial issue for individual well-being. Various
estimates show that between 46 and 59% of American adults are financially fragile and thus …