Plants can be colonized by fungi that have adopted highly diverse lifestyles, ranging from
symbiotic to necrotrophic. Colonization is governed in all systems by hundreds of secreted …

Plants have developed effective mechanisms to recognize and respond to infections caused
by pathogens. Plant resistance gene analogs (RGAs), as resistance (R) gene candidates …

Pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) in plants enable them
to respond to pathogens by activating the production of defence metabolites that orchestrate …

The genus Oryza is a model system for the study of molecular evolution over time scales
ranging from a few thousand to 15 million years. Using 13 reference genomes spanning the …

Crop breeding aims to balance disease resistance with yield; however, single resistance (R)
genes can lead to resistance breakdown, and R gene pyramiding may affect growth fitness …

Although the functions of a few effector proteins produced by bacterial and oomycete plant
pathogens have been elucidated in recent years, information for the vast majority of …

Pathogenic fungi have diverse growth lifestyles that support fungal colonization on plants.
Successful colonization and infection for all lifestyles depends upon the ability to modify …

From a global viewpoint, a number of challenges need to be met for sustainable rice
production:(i) increasingly severe occurrence of insects and diseases and indiscriminate …

Rice is the staple diet of more than three billion people. Yields must double over the next 40
years if we are to sustain the nutritional needs of the ever-expanding global population …

MicroRNAs (miRNA s) are indispensable regulators for development and defense in
eukaryotes. However, the miRNA species have not been explored for rice (Oryza sativa) …