Accurately understanding the functions of buildings is crucial for urban monitoring, analysis
of urban economic structures, and effectively allocating resources. Previous studies have …

Urban functional zone (UFZ) refers to the spatial aggregation of similar human activities in
urban areas, and its category information has significant implications for city planning and …

Although functional identifiability represents a key aspect for promoting visual connotation
and sustainable usability in historic building groups, there is still no consensus on how to …

The semantic segmentation of point clouds is a crucial undertaking in 3D reconstruction and
holds great importance. However, achieving precise semantic segmentation represents a …

Street space is a crucial component of public space, serving as a site for a variety of human
activities. However, prior studies have primarily focused on the traffic function of street …

Building use identification is crucial in urban planning and management. Current
identification methods often rely on a single data source and neglect spatial proximity. In this …

The classification of urban functional areas is important for understanding the characteristics
of urban areas and optimizing the utilization of urban land resources. Existing related …

The division of urban functional zones is crucial for understanding urban characteristics and
aiding in urban management and planning. Traditional methods, like dividing based on …

Buildings, as key factors influencing population distribution, have various functional
attributes. Existing research mainly focuses on the relationship between land functions and …

To effectively decarbonize Europe's building stock, it is crucial to monitor the progress of
energy consumption and the associated emissions. This study addresses the challenge by …