Sex differences occur in most non-communicable diseases, including metabolic diseases,
hypertension, cardiovascular disease, psychiatric and neurological disorders and cancer. In …

Biological differences between the sexes are apparent even from the early part of the
pregnancy. The crown-rump length is larger in male fetuses compared to females in the first …

Fetal sex plays an important role in modifying the course and complications related to
pregnancy and may also have an impact on maternal health and well-being both during and …

Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may impact early growth, although
information is limited on exposure to combination of multiple EDCs. We aimed to evaluate …

Background Prenatal traffic-related air pollution exposure is linked to adverse birth
outcomes. However, modifying effects of maternal body mass index (BMI) and infant sex …

Introduction. Maternal obesity has long-term consequences for the offspring's later health,
including an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The underlying …

Context Maternal pre-pregnancy obesity may increase the risk of childhood obesity but it is
unknown whether other metabolic factors in early pregnancy such as lipid profile and …

Differences in the development of the male and female brain are an evolving area of
investigation. We are beginning to understand the underpinnings of male and female …

In pregnancies of women with obesity or diabetes, neonates are often overgrown. Thus, the
pregnancy period in these women offers a window of opportunity to reduce childhood …

Background Few studies in low-income settings analyse linear growth trajectories from
foetal life to pre-adolescence. The aim of this study is to describe linear growth and stunting …