Right ventricular dysfunction is a major determinant of outcome in patients with complex
congenital heart disease, as in tetralogy of Fallot. In these patients, right ventricular …

Cardiac hypertrophy is characterized by cardiac structural remodeling, fibrosis,
microvascular rarefaction, and chronic inflammation. The heart is structurally organized by …

Sex is increasingly emerging as determinant of right ventricular (RV) adaptation to abnormal
loading conditions. It is unknown, however, whether sex-related differences already occur in …

Simple Summary Abnormal hemodynamics and cardiac and pulmonary development
intertwine to form the most important features of children with congenital heart diseases …

Some cardiac dysfunction develops early before leading to cardiac failure. Increased
ventricular pressure load leads to right-sided heart failure and determines outcome in many …

Backgroud Diseased animal models play an extremely important role in preclinical research.
Lacking the corresponding animal models, many basic research studies cannot be carried …