The entomology literature has historically suggested insects cannot feel pain, leading to
their exclusion from ethical debates and animal welfare legislation. However, there may be …

Highlights•Visual and multimodal memory of locations could be stored in the mushroom
bodies.•Central complex provides aspatial reference frame for integration of directional …

In recent years, bumblebees have become a prominent insect model organism for a variety
of biological disciplines, particularly to investigate learning behaviors as well as visual …

Neural correlates of learning and memory formation have been reported at different stages
of the olfactory pathway in both vertebrates and invertebrates. However, the contribution of …

Extracellular recording were performed from mushroom body-extrinsic neurons while the
animal was exposed to differential conditioning to two odors, the forward-paired conditioned …

Attention allows animals to respond selectively to competing stimuli, enabling some stimuli
to evoke a behavioral response while others are ignored. How the brain does this remains …

The mushroom bodies are distinctive neuropils in the protocerebral brain segments of many
protostomes. A defining feature of mushroom bodies is their intrinsic neurons, masses of …

Although a variety of basic insect behaviours have inspired successful robot
implementations, more complex capabilities in these'simple'animals are often overlooked …

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the biology of the antennal tactile sense of
insects and crustaceans. It covers the biomechanics, kinematics, and behavioral biology of …

In their natural environment, animals face complex and highly dynamic olfactory input. Thus
vertebrates as well as invertebrates require fast and reliable processing of olfactory …