Major differences between men and women exist in epidemiology, manifestation,
pathophysiology, treatment, and outcome of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as …

Estrogen is a potent steroid with pleiotropic effects, which have yet to be fully elucidated.
Estrogen has both nuclear and non-nuclear effects. The rapid response to estrogen, which …

Heart failure due to nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) contributes significantly to
the global burden of cardiovascular disease. Myocarditis is, in turn, a major cause of acute …

A recent report of the EuroHeart project has shown that women are still underrepresented in
many cardiovascular clinical trials, while important gender differences are present within …

Women and men, female and male animals and cells are biologically different, and
acknowledgement of this fact is critical to advancing medicine. However, incorporating …

Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between gender and survival of
patients with heart failure, using data from both randomized trials and observational studies …

Aim To evaluate the relationship between sex, age and outcome in dilated cardiomyopathy
(DCM). Methods and results We used proportional hazard modelling to examine the …

Biofilm bacteria co‐evolve and reach a symbiosis with the host on the gingival surface. The
disruption of the homeostatic relationship between plaque bacteria and the host can initiate …

Despite advances in myocardial reperfusion therapies, acute myocardial
ischaemia/reperfusion injury and consequent ischaemic heart failure represent the number …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide and also
inflict major burdens on morbidity, quality of life, and societal costs. Considering that CVD …