This paper reviews recent research on geography and trade. One of the key empirical
findings over the last decade has been the role of geography in shaping the distributional …

Economic activities are concentrated on a small share of inhabitable land. In our view, this
agglomeration is the outcome of a trade-off between increasing returns and transportation …

We show that most US food, drugstore, and mass-merchandise chains charge nearly
uniform prices across stores, despite wide variation in consumer demographics and …

Density boosts productivity and innovation, improves access to goods and services, reduces
typical travel distances, encourages energy efficient construction and transport, and allows …

We propose an integrated framework to discuss the empirical literature on the local
determinants of agglomeration effects. We start by presenting the theoretical mechanisms …

We develop and structurally estimate a model of heterogeneous multiproduct firms that can
be used to decompose the firm-size distribution into the contributions of …

This article examines how product innovations led to inflation inequality in the United States
from 2004 to 2015. Using scanner data from the retail sector, I find that annual inflation for …

Firms are more productive, on average, in larger cities. Two main explanations have been
offered: firm selection (larger cities toughen competition, allowing only the most productive to …

Nearly a third of the world's rural population does not live near a paved road, and it is widely
believed that this limits their access to economic opportunities. Using a natural experiment …

The arrival of global retail chains in developing countries is causing a radical transformation
in the way households source their consumption. This paper draws on a rich collection of …