Archaea are a domain of prokaryotic organisms with intriguing physiological characteristics
and ecological importance. In Microbial Biotechnology, archaea are historically …

Fluctuations in environmental osmolarity are ubiquitous stress factors in many natural
habitats of microorganisms, as they inevitably trigger osmotically instigated fluxes of water …

The cellular stress response (CSR) is critical for enabling organisms to cope with thermal
damage to proteins, nucleic acids, and membranes. It is a graded response whose …

One of the most challenging tasks in the development of protein pharmaceuticals is to deal
with physical and chemical instabilities of proteins. Protein instability is one of the major …

All microorganisms possess a positive turgor, and maintenance of this outward-directed
pressure is essential since it is generally considered as the driving force for cell expansion …

Microorganisms that adapt to moderate and high salt environments use a variety of solutes,
organic and inorganic, to counter external osmotic pressure. The organic solutes can be …

The accumulation of compatible solutes is a prerequisite for the adaptation of
microorganisms to osmotic stress imposed by salt or organic solutes. Two types of strategies …

No organism can survive across the entire temperature range found in the biosphere, and a
given species can rarely support active metabolism across more than a few tens of° C …

The availability of water is the most important prerequisite for life of any living cell, and
exposure of cells to hypersaline conditions always threatens the cells with a drastic loss of …

Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient for all marine microorganisms. Dissolved organic
phosphorus (DOP) is an integral, dynamic part of the marine organic matter pool and of the …