Aspergillus fumigatus is a saprotrophic fungus; its primary habitat is the soil. In its ecological
niche, the fungus has learned how to adapt and proliferate in hostile environments. This …

The exponential growth of pollutant discharges into the environment due to increasing
industrial and agricultural activities is a rising threat for human health and a biggest concern …

Orally administered probiotics encounter various challenges on their journey through the
mouth, stomach, intestine and colon. The health benefits of probiotics are diminished mainly …

Microbiota represents the entire microbial community present in the gut host. It serves
several functions establishing a mutualistic relation with the host. Latest years have seen a …

In human pathophysiology, the clash between microbial infection and host immunity
contributes to multiple diseases. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a classical example of this …

The gut microbial community (Gut microbiota) is known to impact metabolic functions as well
as immune responses in our body. Diet plays an important role in determining the …

The gut microbiota, as the main member in gut microecology, is an essential mediator in
health and disease. The gut microbiota interacts with various organs and systems in the …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of morbidity and
death worldwide. Inhalation of cigarette smoke (CS) is the major cause in developed …

Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide (Ferlay et
al., Int J Cancer 136: E359–386, 2015). In addition, lung cancer is associated with the …

Mammals co-exist with resident microbial ecosystem that is composed of an incredible
number and diversity of bacteria, viruses and fungi. Owing to direct contact between resident …