PURPOSE OF REVIEW Parkinson disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder that
affects millions of people worldwide. Important advances in the treatment, etiology, and the …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects motor and
cognition functions. The etiology of Parkinson's disease remains largely unknown, but …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is globally the most common neurodegenerative movement
disorder. It is characterized by a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the …

Parkinson's disease involves multiple neurotransmitter systems beyond the classical
dopaminergic circuit, but their influence on structural and functional alterations is not well …

Nowadays, many people worldwide suffer from brain disorders, and their health is in danger.
So far, numerous methods have been proposed for the diagnosis of Schizophrenia (SZ) and …

The spreading hypothesis of neurodegeneration assumes an expansion of neural
pathologies along existing neural pathways. Multimodal neuroimaging studies have …

Recently, there has been growing interest in exosomal biomarkers for their active targeting
and specificity for delivering their cargos (proteins, lipids, nucleic acids) from the parent cell …

Background: Currently available treatments for Parkinson's disease (PD) do not slow clinical
progression nor target alpha-synuclein, a key protein associated with the disease. Objective …

Although the diagnosis of dementia still is primarily based on clinical criteria, neuroimaging
is playing an increasingly important role. This is in large part due to advances in techniques …

Several disabling symptoms potentially related to dysautonomia have been reported in “long-
COVID” patients. Unfortunately, these symptoms are often nonspecific, and autonomic …