On planet Earth, water is everywhere: the majority of the surface is covered with it; it is a key
component of all life; its vapour and droplets fill the lower atmosphere; and even rocks …

This review is devoted to discussing recent progress on the structure, thermodynamic,
reactivity, and dynamics of water and aqueous systems confined within different types of …

Water is more than an inert spectator during liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), the
reversible compartmentalization of protein solutions into a protein-rich and a dilute phase …

The aversion of hydrophobic solutes for water drives diverse interactions and assemblies
across materials science, biology, and beyond. Here, we review the theoretical …

We review direct force measurements on a broad class of hydrophobic and hydrophilic
surfaces. These measurements have enabled the development of a general interaction …

Formation of biomolecular condensates through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has
emerged as a pervasive principle in cell biology, allowing compartmentalization and …

Hydrophobic interactions are driven by the combined influence of the direct attraction
between oily solutes and an additional water-mediated interaction whose magnitude (and …

Interactions between proteins lie at the heart of numerous biological processes and are
essential for the proper functioning of the cell. Although the importance of hydrophobic …

The value of thoroughly understanding the thermodynamics specific to a drug
discovery/design study is well known. Over the past decade, the crucial roles of water …

Hydration free energies are dictated by a subtle balance of hydrophobic and hydrophilic
interactions. We present here a spectroscopic approach, which gives direct access to the …