Atherosclerosis has complex pathogenesis, which involves at least three serious aspects:
inflammation, lipid metabolism alterations, and endothelial injury. There are no effective …

Background Hypertension is a chronic condition associated with an increased risk of
mortality and morbidity. Renin is the enzyme responsible for converting angiotensinogen to …

T cells play a crucial role in atherosclerosis, with its infiltration preceding the formation of
atheroma. However, how T‐cell infiltration is regulated in atherosclerosis remains largely …

Background We and others have shown that dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP4) expression is
increased in obesity/atherosclerosis and is positively correlated with atherosclerotic burden …

Background: Direct renin inhibition (DRI) is clinically inferior to other blockers of the renin–
angiotensin system (RAS). Thus far, the underlying molecular causes of this finding remain …

BACKGROUND: Persistent mineralocorticoid receptor activation is a pathologic response in
type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Whereas mineralocorticoid receptor …

Recent trials with inhibition of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) in patients
with established atherosclerosis have been equivocal. MicroRNAs (miRs) are known to …

Purpose To evaluate the reproducibility and repeatability of high‐resolution, isotropic
thoracic and abdominal aortic wall measurements, and determine the implications they have …

Objective Aliskiren is a direct renin inhibitor which is suggested to modify proangiogenic
cells in addition to lower blood pressure. Given that angiogenesis is impaired in the …

Rajagopalan et al Complete Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone Blockade 445 through
pathways unrelated to downstream peptides. 11 In a study by Feldman et al, 12 aliskiren …