The African cichlid fish radiations are the most diverse extant animal radiations and provide
a unique system to test predictions of speciation and adaptive radiation theory. The past few …

The question of how genetic variation translates into organismal diversity has puzzled
biologists for decades. Despite recent advances in evolutionary and developmental …

Background The adaptive radiations of cichlid fishes in East Africa are well known for their
spectacular diversity and their astonishingly fast rates of speciation. About 80% of all 2,500 …

We studied whether similar developmental genetic mechanisms are involved in both
convergent and divergent evolution. Mimetic insects are known for their diversity of patterns …

Extremely arid conditions in tropical Africa occurred in several discrete episodes between
135 and 90 ka, as demonstrated by lake core and seismic records from multiple basins …

Abstract With more than 3,000 species, the fish family Cichlidae is one of the most species-
rich families of vertebrates. Cichlids occur in southern and central America, Africa …

Background How particular changes in functional morphology can repeatedly promote
ecological diversification is an active area of evolutionary investigation. The African rift-lake …

Abstract The cichlids of East Africa are renowned as one of the most spectacular examples
of adaptive radiation. They provide a unique opportunity to investigate the relationships …

Evolutionary constraints may significantly bias phenotypic change, while “breaking” from
such constraints can lead to expanded ecological opportunity. Ray-finned fishes have …

The evolutionary history of the endemic Lake Tanganyika cichlid tribe Tropheini, the sister
group of the species flocks of Lake Malawi and the Lake Victoria region, was reconstructed …