The review provides a comprehensive update (previous report: Chen R, Cros D, Curra A, Di
Lazzaro V, Lefaucheur JP, Magistris MR, et al. The clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial …

These guidelines provide an up-date of previous IFCN report on “Non-invasive electrical
and magnetic stimulation of the brain, spinal cord and roots: basic principles and procedures …

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is used to treat multiple psychiatric and
neurological conditions by manipulating activity in particular brain networks and circuits, but …

In 1980 Merton and Morton introduced a technique of percutaneous stimulation of the motor
cortex using electrical shocks by discharging a 0.1/zF condenser charged up to 2000 V …

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a technique for noninvasive stimulation of the
human brain. Stimulation is produced by generating a brief, high-intensity magnetic field by …

Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a safe and useful tool for
investigating various aspects of human neurophysiology, particularly corticospinal function …

1. We used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to study the role of plastic changes of
the human motor system in the acquisition of new fine motor skills. We mapped the cortical …

We applied trains of focal, rapid-rate transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to the motor
cortex of 14 healthy volunteers with recording of the EMG from the contralateral abductor …

MOTOR and visual cortices of normal volunteers were activated by transcranial magnetic
stimulation. The electrical brain activity resulting from the brief electromagnetic pulse was …

In the last decade, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been used increasingly as a
tool to explore the mechanisms and consequences of cortical plasticity in the intact human …