Over the past decade, invasive techniques for diagnosing and monitoring cancers are slowly
being replaced by non-invasive methods such as liquid biopsy. Liquid biopsies have …

Alterations in DNAs could not reveal what happened in proteins. The accumulated
alterations of DNAs would change the manifestation of proteins. Therefore, as is the case in …

Mass-spectrometry-based proteomic analysis is a powerful approach for discovering new
disease biomarkers. However, certain critical steps of study design such as cohort selection …

Precision oncology seeks to leverage molecular information about cancer to improve patient
outcomes. Tissue biopsy samples are widely used to characterize tumours but are limited by …

Cancer biomarkers have transformed current practices in the oncology clinic. Continued
discovery and validation are crucial for improving early diagnosis, risk stratification, and …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a potential source of disease-associated biomarkers for
diagnosis. In breast cancer, comprehensive analyses of EVs could yield robust and reliable …

Conventional cancer clinical trials can be slow and costly, often produce results with limited
external validity, and are difficult for patients to participate in. Recent technological advances …

Precision medicine is medicine optimized to the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of
an individual and, when present, his or her disease. It has a host of targets, including genes …

Abstract Development of disease-modifying therapies against Alzheimer's disease (AD)
requires biomarkers reflecting the diverse pathological pathways specific for AD. We …

Cancer genomics research aims to advance personalized oncology by finding and targeting
specific genetic alterations associated with cancers. In genome-driven oncology, treatments …