Phagocytic cells of the immune system must constantly survey for, recognize, and efficiently
clear the billions of cellular corpses that arise as a result of development, stress, infection, or …

Evidence from epidemiologic studies suggests that periodontal infections are independently
associated with subclinical and clinical atherosclerotic vascular disease. Although the …

Glaucoma is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease and a leading cause of
blindness worldwide. The mechanisms causing glaucomatous neurodegeneration are not …

Hallmarks of inflammation in various cardiovascular diseases, notably atherosclerosis, have
been observed for a long time. However, evidence for an (auto) antigen-driven process at …

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) has had a long and difficult problem with classification. It is
clearly a heterogeneous and multi-factorial autoimmune disease but all too often the …

Gut microbiota play many important roles, such as the regulation of immunity and barrier
function in the intestine, and are crucial for maintaining homeostasis in living organisms. The …

Pregnancy in humans is a multi-step complex physiological process comprising three
discrete events, decidualization, implantation and placentation. Its overall success depends …

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) of eukaryotes are evolutionarily conserved molecules present in
all the major intracellular organelles. They mainly function as molecular chaperones and …

The increased mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is mainly due to (atherosclerotic)
cardiovascular disease. The cardiovascular morbidity is also increased in comparison with …

In recent decades, the incidence of invasive fungal infections has increased notably.
Candida albicans (C. albicans), a common opportunistic fungal pathogen that dwells on …