Recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI) have enabled machines to plan in tasks
previously thought to be uniquely human. Meanwhile, the planning algorithms implemented …

The precise functional role of the hippocampus remains a topic of much debate. The
dominant view is that the dorsal (or posterior) hippocampus is implicated in memory and …

Spatial working memory, the caching of behaviourally relevant spatial cues on a timescale of
seconds, is a fundamental constituent of cognition. Although the prefrontal cortex and …

An enduring and richly elaborated dichotomy in cognitive neuroscience is that of reflective
versus reflexive decision making and choice. Other literatures refer to the two ends of what is …

Learning and memory processes can be influenced by recent experience, but the
mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Enhanced plasticity during critical periods of …

The hippocampus computes diverse information involving spatial memory, anxiety, or
reward and directly projects to several brain areas. Are different computations transmitted to …

Every day we are bombarded by stimuli that must be assessed for their potential for harm or
benefit. Once a stimulus is learned to predict harm, it can elicit fear responses. Such learning …

The generalization of fear is an adaptive, behavioral, and physiological response to the
likelihood of threat in the environment. In contrast, the overgeneralization of fear, a cardinal …

In recent years, both major depression and antidepressant therapy have been linked to adult
hippocampal neurogenesis. The hippocampus is not a homogeneous brain area, and a …

Brain networks can support learning by promoting acquisition of task-relevant information or
by adhering to validated rules, but the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Upon …