Extracellular vesicles, which are secreted by living cells and play a critical role in cellular
communication, have emerged as a promising cell-free strategy in the treatment of many …

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are conditions that can affect muscles, bones, and joints.
These disorders are very painful and severely limit patients' mobility and are more common …

The skeleton is diverse in its functions, which include mechanical support, movement, blood
cell production, mineral storage and endocrine regulation. This multifaceted role is achieved …

An account of the neurobiology of motor recovery in the arm and hand after stroke by two
experts in the field. Stroke is a leading cause of disability in adults and recovery is often …

This review focuses on current tissue engineering strategies for promoting vascularized
bone regeneration. We review the role of angiogenic growth factors in promoting …

Fracture healing is critically dependent upon an adequate vascular supply. The normal rate
for fracture delayed or non-union is estimated to be between 10 and 15%, and annual …

Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability. The past decade has seen advances in basic
science research of neural repair in stroke. The brain forms new connections after stroke …

Deficient bone regeneration causes bone defects or nonunion in a substantial proportion of
trauma patients that urges for novel therapies. To develop a reliable therapy, we …

Bisphosphonates (BPs) have been in use for many years for the treatment of osteoporosis,
multiple myeloma, Paget's disease, as well as a variety of other diseases in which there is …

Background Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been reported to accelerate
fracture healing, but the mechanism is unclear and its efficacy needs to be further optimized …