Extracellular vesicles are produced by species across all domains of life, suggesting that
vesiculation represents a fundamental principle of living matter. In Gram-negative bacteria …

Bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) are nano-sized, lipid membrane-delimited particles
filled with bacteria-derived components. They have important roles in the physiology and …

The gut microbiota represents a diverse and dynamic population of microorganisms that can
influence the health of the host. Increasing evidence supports the role of the gut microbiota …

Sensing of microbes activates the innate immune system, depending on functional
mitochondria. However, pathogenic bacteria inhibit mitochondrial activity by delivering …

A growing body of research, especially in recent years, has shown that bacterial
extracellular vesicles (bEVs) are one of the key underlying mechanisms behind the …

Bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) have emerged as novel and promising platforms for
the development of vaccines and immunotherapeutic strategies against infectious and …

It is known that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are shed from cells of almost every type of cell or
organism, showing their ubiquity in all empires of life. EVs are defined as naturally released …

Antibiotic therapy is one of the most important approaches against bacterial infections.
However, the improper use of antibiotics and the emergence of drug resistance have …

Recent studies applying advanced imaging techniques are changing the way we
understand bacterial cell surfaces, bringing new knowledge on everything from single-cell …

The bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes the sexually transmitted infection (STI)
gonorrhoea, which has an estimated global annual incidence of 86.9 million adults …