Ultrasound (US) can noninvasively activate intact brain circuits, making it a promising
neuromodulation technique. However, little is known about the underlying mechanism …

The auditory midbrain implant (AMI) is a new hearing prosthesis designed for stimulation of
the inferior colliculus in deaf patients who cannot sufficiently benefit from cochlear implants …

The cochlear implant is considered one of the most successful neural prostheses to date,
which was made possible by visionaries who continued to develop the cochlear implant …

Audible frequencies of sound are encoded in a continuous manner along the length of the
cochlea, and frequency is transmitted to the brain as a representation of place on the basilar …

Cochlear implants electrically stimulate residual spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) to provide
auditory cues for the severe-profoundly deaf. However, SGNs gradually degenerate …

Both human speech and animal vocal signals contain frequency-modulated (FM) sounds.
Although central auditory neurons that selectively respond to the direction of frequency …

The cochlear implant can restore speech perception in patients with sensorineural hearing
loss. However, it is ineffective for those without an implantable cochlea or a functional …

The inferior colliculus (IC), the midbrain component of the auditory pathway, integrates
virtually all inputs from the auditory brainstem. These are a mixture of excitatory and …

Cochlear implants restore hearing cues in the severe–profoundly deaf by electrically
stimulating spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). However, SGNs degenerate following loss of …

Experiments in animal models indicate that inferior colliculus (IC), the primary auditory
midbrain structure, represents sound frequency in a particular spatial organization, a …