Fluoride contamination has become a considerable threat to our society worldwide. Fluoride
in drinking water is primarily due to rich fluoride soil, volcanic activity, forage, grasses and …

Exposure to common ionic pollutants, such as heavy metal ions and toxic anions, is a major
concern throughout the world due to their potential impacts on human health and the …

Fluoride contamination in the groundwater has got great attention in last few decades due to
their toxicity, persistent capacity and accumulation in human bodies. There are several …

Fluoride contamination in drinking water due to natural and anthropogenic activities has
been recognized as one of the major problems worldwide imposing a serious threat to …

1.1. Fluoride in Water Water is an essential natural resource for sustaining life. Water is
certainly not free everywhere. However, chemical composition of surface or subsurface is …

To provide safe drinking water, fluoride in water must be removed and adsorption processes
appear to be the most widely used method. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) represent a …

Fluoride in drinking water has a profound effect on teeth and bones. Up to a small level (1–
1.5 mg/L) this strengthens the enamel. Concentrations in the range of 1.5–4mg/L result in …

Chemical cross-linking using epichlorohydrin as cross-linking agent is the most
straightforward method to produce water-insoluble β-cyclodextrin-based polymers. The …

Fluoride (F−) originating from many natural geologic sources and anthropogenic activities
has imposed a substantial environmental health risk. More than 200 million people from …

Fluoride is one of the anionic contaminants which is found in excess in surface or
groundwater because of geochemical reactions or anthropogenic activities such as the …