Delay has a vital influence on the dynamics of neural networks. Exploring the effect of time
delay on the dynamics of neural networks has become a hot issue in mathematics and …

Introduction Fractional operators find their applications in several scientific and engineering
processes. We consider a fractional guava fruit model involving a non-local additionally non …

In theoretical ecology, predator–prey interaction is a natural phenomenon that significantly
contributes for shaping the community structure and maintaining the ecological diversity. In …

A delayed fractional-order prey–predator system with fear (felt by prey) effect of predator on
prey population incorporating prey refuge has been proposed. We consider a three species …

In this work, we have formulated a fractional-order predator-prey system with fear effect,
where the death rate of the prey population is predator density-dependent. Generally, most …

In this paper, a Leslie–Gower model with weak Allee effect on prey and fear effect on
predator is proposed. Compared with the case without fear effect on predator, the new …

In this paper, we propose a Leslie–Gower predator–prey model with strong Allee effect on
prey and fear effect on predator. We discuss the existence and local stability of equilibria by …

In almost every ecological system, growth of various interacting species evolve in different
time scales and the implementation of this time scale difference in the corresponding …

We study a class of models in which generalist predator utilizes two distinct prey species as
their food sources. Several field data and experiments exhibit that predator may switch it's …

A modified Holling type II (variable predator search rate rather than constant) predator–prey
interaction has been proposed where apart from direct consumption the prey biomass is …