Maintaining proteome integrity is essential for long-term viability of all organisms and is
overseen by intrinsic quality control mechanisms. The secretory pathway of eukaryotes …

Protein folding is a complex, error-prone process that often results in an irreparable protein
by-product. These by-products can be recognized by cellular quality control machineries …

Protein ubiquitination is of great cellular importance through its central role in processes
such as degradation, DNA repair, endocytosis and inflammation. Canonical ubiquitination …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the site of synthesis for nearly one-third of the eukaryotic
proteome and is accordingly endowed with specialized machinery to ensure that proteins …

A substantial proportion of the genome encodes membrane proteins that are delivered to the
endoplasmic reticulum by dedicated targeting pathways. Membrane proteins that fail …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) serves as a warehouse for factors that augment and control
the biogenesis of nascent proteins entering the secretory pathway. In turn, this compartment …

Viruses elicit cell and organismic stress, and offset homeostasis. They trigger intrinsic, innate
and adaptive immune responses, which limit infection. Viruses restore homeostasis by …

Post-translational protein modifications initiate, regulate, propagate and terminate a wide
variety of processes in cells, and in particular, ubiquitylation targets substrate proteins for …

Endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) employs membrane-bound
ubiquitin ligases and the translocation-driving ATPase p97 to retrotranslocate misfolded …

The HIV genome encodes a small number of viral proteins (ie, 16), invariably establishing
cooperative associations among HIV proteins and between HIV and host proteins, to invade …