The unique genetic makeup and remarkable competency of Vibrio cholerae are the key
factors that help the cholera pathogen adapt rapidly to adverse environmental conditions …

Cholera caused by toxigenic Vibrio cholerae is a major public health problem confronting
developing countries, where outbreaks occur in a regular seasonal pattern and are …

This Addendum to the second edition of the Guidelines for drinking-water quality contains
reviews of a number of pathogens that occur widely in water-Aeromonas and Legionella …

In many infectious diseases, an unknown fraction of infections produce symptoms mild
enough to go unrecorded, a fact that can seriously compromise the interpretation of …

Vibrio cholerae typically contains a prophage that carries the genes encoding the cholera
toxin, which is responsible for the major clinical symptoms of the disease. In recent years …

Outbreaks of many infectious diseases, including cholera, malaria and dengue, vary over
characteristic periods longer than 1 year,. Evidence that climate variability drives these …

The sixth pandemic of cholera and, presumably, the earlier pandemics were caused by the
classical biotype of Vibrio cholerae O1, which was progressively replaced by the El Tor …

The virulence of a pathogen is dependent on a discrete set of genetic determinants and their
well-regulated expression. The ctxAB and tcpA genes are known to play a cardinal role in …

Since Vibrio cholerae O139 first appeared in 1992, both O1 El Tor and O139 have been
recognized as the epidemic serogroups, although their geographic distribution, endemicity …

Vibrio cholerae serogroup O139 Bengal, a novel strain with epidemic potential, completely
displaced V. cholerae serogroup 01 in Calcutta in January 1993, which was followed by an …