Many questions on the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis remain to answer. The SARS-CoV-2
genome encodes some accessory proteins that are essential for infection. Notably …

Patients who have recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection may
experience chronic fatigue when exercising, despite no obvious heart or lung abnormalities …

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a new member of the
Coronaviridae family known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS …

The nasal epithelium is the initial entry portal and primary barrier to infection by all human
coronaviruses (HCoVs). We utilize primary human nasal epithelial cells grown at air–liquid …

Seven coronaviruses have infected humans (HCoVs) to-date. SARS-CoV-2 caused the
current COVID-19 pandemic with the well-known high mortality and severe socioeconomic …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), as the causative agent of
the recent COVID-19 pandemic, continues representing one of the main health concerns …

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is an enveloped and positive-sense single-stranded RNA
virus. IBV was the first coronavirus to be discovered and predominantly causes respiratory …

Emerging and recurrent infectious diseases caused by human coronaviruses (HCoVs)
continue to pose a significant threat to global public health security. In light of this ongoing …

Coronaviruses (CoVs) continuously evolve, crossing species barriers and spreading across
host ranges. Over the last two decades, several CoVs (HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV …

The world is faces a significant global health challenge in the form of viral infections,
particularly the emergence of viral strains that are resistant to effective antiviral therapies …