Cancer immunity, and the potential for cancer immunotherapy, have been topics of scientific
discussion and experimentation for over a hundred years. Several successful cancer …

Immune checkpoint proteins (ICP) are currently one of the most novel and promising areas
of immune-oncology research. This novel way of targeting tumor cells has shown favorable …

PURPOSE The open-label, phase III POSEIDON study evaluated tremelimumab plus
durvalumab and chemotherapy (T+ D+ CT) and durvalumab plus chemotherapy (D+ CT) …

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint inhibitor that binds to its
receptor PD-1 expressed by T cells and other immune cells to regulate immune responses; …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized medical practice in oncology since
the FDA approval of the first ICI 11 years ago. In light of this, Lymphocyte-Activation Gene 3 …

Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is a cell surface inhibitory receptor with multiple
biological activities over T cell activation and effector functions. LAG-3 plays a regulatory …

Nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (NFE2L2, NRF2) is a transcription factor that regulates
various antioxidant enzymes. It plays a vital physiological role in regulating oxidative stress …

The PDL1-PD1 immune checkpoint inhibits T cell activation, and its blockade is effective in a
subset of patients. Studies are investigating how checkpoints are hijacked by cancer cells …

Highlights•LAG-3 is a highly important next-generation immune checkpoint molecule.•Ninety-
seven clinical trials are evaluating at least 16 LAG-3-targeting molecules.•Here we identify …

Chemotherapy using natural compounds, such as resveratrol, curcumin, paclitaxel,
docetaxel, etoposide, doxorubicin, and camptothecin, is of importance in cancer therapy …