Reverse osmosis (RO) membrane technology is one of the most important technologies for
water treatment. However, membrane fouling is an inevitable issue. Membrane fouling leads …

Providing clean water to a rapidly growing population is an issue that is currently getting lots
of attention to offer a sustainable solution for water scarcity. Membrane distillation (MD) is …

Pressure-driven membrane desalination (PMD), such as reverse osmosis or nanofiltration, is
an energy-efficient technology that addresses water shortages by using saline waters to …

During algal bloom, it's a challenge to provide good quality feed water, and ensure
sustainable RO plant operations without an adequate pre-treatment of seawater. In this …

In recent years, Transparent exopolymer particles (TEPs) have been identified as significant
contributors to membrane surface biofouling. Reported research on the effect of TEPs on …

Surface colonization allows diatoms, a dominant group of phytoplankton in oceans, to adapt
to harsh marine environments while mediating biofoulings to human-made underwater …

Membrane-based water treatment has shown great promise to fulfil the increasing demand
for fresh water. However, fouling is one of the most challenging issues that limit the wide …

Membrane based water purification systems, such as reverse osmosis (RO), offer the
potential advantages of lower mass, power and volume than the current state-of-the-art …