Shear wave splitting measurements now allow us to examine deformation in the lithosphere
and upper asthenosphere with lateral resolution< 50 km. In an anisotropic medium, one …

Seismological models of upper-mantle structure are providing new constraints on the
physical and chemical properties that differentiate the lithosphere from the asthenosphere. A …

The water cycle at subduction zones remains poorly understood, although subduction is the
only mechanism for water transport deep into Earth. Previous estimates of water flux,–exhibit …

An Introduction to Seismology, Earthquakes and Earth Structures is an introduction to
seismology and its role in the earth sciences, and is written for advanced undergraduate and …

Variations in sea-floor depth and heat flow with age provide the main constraints on the
thermal structure and evolution of the oceanic lithosphere. Joint fitting of heat flow and …

The influence of water on the dynamics of the oceanic upper mantle is re-evaluated based
on recent experimental constraints on the solubility of water in mantle minerals and earlier …

Abstract In 1967 the Kibish Formation in southern Ethiopia yielded hominid cranial remains
identified as early anatomically modern humans, assigned to Homo sapiens,,,. However, the …

The fourth edition of Physics of the Earth maintains the original philosophy of this classic
graduate textbook on fundamental solid earth geophysics, while being completely revised …

Structural geologists are well aware of the fact that isotropic rocks are quite exceptional in
nature. Whicheverorigin, sedimentary, metamorphicormagmatic, rocks are shaped with a …

The low shear wave velocities Vs observed beneath spreading ridges and in the low velocity
zone beneath plates are commonly attributed to the presence of melt. But geochemical …