The purpose of this narrative review is to summarize evidence of the epidemiology of and
risk factors for kidney cancer with a focus on renal cell carcinoma in adults. The etiology of …

Sex differences in cellular and systems biology have been evolutionarily selected to
optimize reproductive success in all species with little (sperm) and big (ova) gamete …

Context International variations in the rates of kidney cancer (KC) are considerable. An
understanding of the risk factors for KC development is necessary to generate opportunities …

Simple Summary Kidney cancer is a frequent malignant tumor that accounts for
approximately 5% of all cancer incidences. It affects both males and females, but males are …

Aim The aim of this study is to firmly delineate temporal and age trends regarding sex
discrepancies in cancer risk and survival as well as quantifying the potential gain achieved …

We investigated the associations of estimated free and total circulating testosterone and sex
hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG) with cancer risk in men and postmenopausal women …

Background Although sex bias has been reported in the development and progression of
renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic. Here, we …

In hormone-dependent organs, sex hormones and dysregulated hormone signaling have
well-documented roles in cancers of the breast and female reproductive organs including …

Background Understanding the past and future burden of kidney cancer in China over years
provides essential references for optimizing the prevention and management strategies …

Cancer is often called a disease of aging. There are numerous ways in which cancer
epidemiology and behaviour change with the age of the patient. The molecular bases for …