The heart is a rhythmic electromechanical pump, the functioning of which depends on action
potential generation and propagation, followed by relaxation and a period of refractoriness …

Ion channels represent the molecular entities that give rise to the cardiac action potential,
the fundamental cellular electrical event in the heart. The concerted function of these …

In heart failure (HF), Ca 2+/calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) expression is increased. Altered
Na+ channel gating is linked to and may promote ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTs) in HF …

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) interact with heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans and the
extracellular domains of FGF cell surface receptors (FGFRs) to trigger receptor activation …

Voltage-gated sodium channels open (activate) when the membrane is depolarized and
close on repolarization (deactivate) but also on continuing depolarization by a process …

Rapid inactivation of sodium channels is crucial for the normal electrical activity of excitable
cells. There are many different types of inactivation, including fast, slow and ultra-slow, and …

Fibroblast growth factor homologous factors (FHFs) bear strong sequence and structural
similarity to fibroblast growth factors (FGFs). However, the biochemical and functional …

The vanilloid receptor [transient receptor potential (TRP) V1, also known as VR1] is a
member of the TRP channel family. These receptors share a significant sequence homology …

The β subunits of voltage-gated Na channels (Scnxb) regulate the gating of pore-forming α
subunits, as well as their trafficking and localization. In heterologous expression systems …

Background: The SCN8A gene on chromosome 12q13 encodes the voltage gated sodium
channel Nav1. 6, which is widely expressed in neurons of the CNS and PNS. Mutations in …