Multicellular spheroids and organoids are promising in vitro 3D models in personalized
medicine and drug screening. They replicate the structural and functional characteristics of …

Although many studies have focused on oncology and therapeutics in cancer, cancer
remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Due to the unclear molecular …

Previous studies have developed vascularized tumor spheroid models to demonstrate the
impact of intravascular flow on tumor progression and treatment. However, these models …

Cancer metastasis counts for 90% of cancer fatalities, and its development process is still a
mystery. The dynamic process of tumor metastatic transport in the blood vessel is not well …

High-fidelity in vitro tumor models are important for preclinical drug discovery processes.
Currently, the most commonly used model for in vitro drug testing remains the two …

The vascular system in living tissues is a highly organized system that consists of vessels
with various diameters for nutrient delivery and waste transport. In recent years, many vessel …

Technological advancement to enhance tumor cells (TC) has allowed discovery of various
cellular bio-markers: cancer stem cells (CSC), circulating tumor cells (CTC), and endothelial …

Major progress in the understanding and treatment of cancer have tremendously improved
our knowledge of this complex disease and improved the length and quality of patients' …

Human organoid models potentially offer a physiologically relevant platform to replace
traditional monolayer cultures and animal models. In particular, the rapid development of …

Nanomedicine has a great potential to revolutionize the therapeutic landscape. However, up-
to-date results obtained from in vitro experiments predict the in vivo performance of …