PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that associate with
proteins of the PIWI clade of the Argonaute family. First identified in animal germ line cells …

Eukaryotic genomes are pervasively transcribed. Besides protein-coding RNAs, there are
different types of non-coding RNAs that modulate complex molecular and cellular …

RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) is a biological process in which non-coding RNA
molecules direct the addition of DNA methylation to specific DNA sequences. The RdDM …

Successful pregnancy requires carefully-coordinated communications between the mother
and fetus. Immune cells and cytokine signaling pathways participate as mediators of these …

Advances in genomics technology over recent years have led to the surprising discovery
that the genome is far more pervasively transcribed than was previously appreciated. Much …

One of the long-standing principles of molecular biology is that DNA acts as a template for
transcription of messenger RNAs, which serve as blueprints for protein translation. A rapidly …

Isothermal amplification of nucleic acids is a simple process that rapidly and efficiently
accumulates nucleic acid sequences at constant temperature. Since the early 1990s …

The RNA interference (RNAi) triggered by short/small interfering RNA (siRNA) was
discovered in nematodes and found to function in most living organisms. RNAi has been …

Transposable elements give rise to interspersed repeats, sequences that comprise most of
our genomes. These mobile DNAs have been historically underappreciated—both because …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading lethal malignancy worldwide. However, the
molecular mechanisms underlying liver carcinogenesis remain poorly understood. Over the …