More than two hundred years after its discovery, lactate still remains an intriguing molecule.
Considered for a long time as a waste product of metabolism and the culprit behind …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) lack robust biomarkers useful
for screening purposes in a clinical setting. A systematic review of the literature was …

Growing evidence suggests the link between gut microbiota and mood regulation. The
current study aimed to identify microbiota targets for major depressive disorder (MDD) and …

Astrocytes are an abundant subgroup of cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that play
a critical role in controlling neuronal circuits involved in emotion, learning, and memory. In …

The potentiation of synaptic plasticity and serotonin generation by brain-derived
neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) is well characterized to …

The bidirectional communication between neurons and microglia is fundamental for the
proper functioning of the central nervous system (CNS). Chemokines and clusters of …

Depression is a highly prevalent mood disorder and one of the major health concerns in
modern society. Moreover, it is characterized by a high prevalence of coexistence with many …

Background Stress precipitates mood disorders, characterized by a range of symptoms
present in different combinations, suggesting the existence of disease subtypes. Using an …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common, complex disease with poorly understood
pathogenesis. Disruption of glucose metabolism is implicated in the pathogenesis of …

Although hypothyroidism appears to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of
depression, the impact of thyroid hormones on the bioenergetics of the adult brain is still …