The number of travellers undertaking long-distance flights has continued to increase. Such
flights are associated with travel fatigue and jet lag, the symptoms of which are considered …

This paper presents a theoretical framework for incorporating the non-image-forming effects
of light into daylighting design in the built environment. The framework includes human …

A century of research and practice have optimized the use of electric lighting in buildings to
support human vision. However, recent lines of research show that light is also important to …

Nowadays lighting projects often include temporal variations of the light, both spectrally and
in terms of intensity to consider non-visual effects of light on people. However, as of today …

This review presents the main metrics developed so far to correlate physical properties of
light and its effects on melatonin suppression. Melatonin is a hormone secreted at night and …

Light profoundly impacts human consciousness through the stimulation of the visual system
and powerfully regulates the human circadian system, which, in turn, has a broad regulatory …

Background Light exposure is an important driver and modulator of human physiology,
behavior and overall health, including the biological clock, sleep-wake cycles, mood and …

Illumination of different areas of the human retina elicits differences in acute light-induced
suppression of melatonin. The aim of this study was to compare changes in plasma …

Quantifying and comparing light environments are crucial for interior lighting, architecture
and visual ergonomics. Yet, current methods only catch a small subset of the parameters …

Research indicates that spectral distribution and the direction of the light received at the eye
are relevant parameters in studies looking into non-image-forming effects. Nonetheless …