Selenoproteins: molecular pathways and physiological roles

VM Labunskyy, DL Hatfield… - Physiological …, 2014 - journals.physiology.org
Selenium is an essential micronutrient with important functions in human health and
relevance to several pathophysiological conditions. The biological effects of selenium are …

Paradoxical roles of antioxidant enzymes: basic mechanisms and health implications

XG Lei, JH Zhu, WH Cheng, Y Bao… - Physiological …, 2016 - journals.physiology.org
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are generated from
aerobic metabolism, as a result of accidental electron leakage as well as regulated …

Thioredoxins, glutaredoxins, and peroxiredoxins—molecular mechanisms and health significance: from cofactors to antioxidants to redox signaling

EM Hanschmann, JR Godoy, C Berndt… - Antioxidants & redox …, 2013 - liebertpub.com
Abstract Thioredoxins (Trxs), glutaredoxins (Grxs), and peroxiredoxins (Prxs) have been
characterized as electron donors, guards of the intracellular redox state, and “antioxidants” …

PTENα, a PTEN isoform translated through alternative initiation, regulates mitochondrial function and energy metabolism

H Liang, S He, J Yang, X Jia, P Wang, X Chen, Z Zhang… - Cell metabolism, 2014 - cell.com
PTEN is one of the most frequently mutated genes in human cancer. It is known that PTEN
has a wide range of biological functions beyond tumor suppression. Here, we report that …

Composition and evolution of the vertebrate and mammalian selenoproteomes

M Mariotti, PG Ridge, Y Zhang, AV Lobanov… - PloS one, 2012 - journals.plos.org
Background Selenium is an essential trace element in mammals due to its presence in
proteins in the form of selenocysteine (Sec). Human genome codes for 25 Sec-containing …

Identification of evolutionarily conserved non-AUG-initiated N-terminal extensions in human coding sequences

IP Ivanov, AE Firth, AM Michel, JF Atkins… - Nucleic acids …, 2011 - academic.oup.com
In eukaryotes, it is generally assumed that translation initiation occurs at the AUG codon
closest to the messenger RNA 5′ cap. However, in certain cases, initiation can occur at …

Regulation of redox signaling by selenoproteins

WC Hawkes, Z Alkan - Biological trace element research, 2010 - Springer
The unique chemistry of oxygen has been both a resource and threat for life on Earth for at
least the last 2.4 billion years. Reduction of oxygen to water allows extraction of more …

Discovery of noncanonical translation initiation sites through mass spectrometric analysis of protein N termini

CH Na, MA Barbhuiya, MS Kim, S Verbruggen… - Genome …, 2018 - genome.cshlp.org
Translation initiation generally occurs at AUG codons in eukaryotes, although it has been
shown that non-AUG or noncanonical translation initiation can also occur. However, the …

Critical Roles of the Cysteine–Glutathione Axis in the Production of γ-Glutamyl Peptides in the Nervous System

J Fujii, T Osaki, Y Soma, Y Matsuda - International Journal of Molecular …, 2023 - mdpi.com
γ-Glutamyl moiety that is attached to the cysteine (Cys) residue in glutathione (GSH) protects
it from peptidase-mediated degradation. The sulfhydryl group of the Cys residue represents …

A CUG-initiated CATSPERθ functions in the CatSper channel assembly and serves as a checkpoint for flagellar trafficking

X Huang, H Miyata, H Wang, G Mori… - Proceedings of the …, 2023 - National Acad Sciences
Calcium signaling is critical for successful fertilization. In spermatozoa, calcium influx into the
sperm flagella mediated by the sperm-specific CatSper calcium channel is necessary for …