Highlights●Why biofuels and bioproducts remain critical to society●What molecular
products can be made by biotechnology using available feedstocks●How new systems and …

Maintaining a functional proteome under different environmental conditions is challenging
for every organism, in particular for unicellular organisms, such as bacteria. In order to cope …

Pesticides and antibiotics are believed to increase the incidence of antibiotic resistance
genes (ARGs) and virulence factor genes (VFGs), constituting a serious threat to global …

Within biofilms, gradients of electron acceptors such as oxygen stimulate the formation of
physiological subpopulations. This heterogeneity can enable cross-feeding and promote …

The large abundance of small open reading frames (smORFs) in prokaryotic and eukaryotic
genomes and the plethora of smORF‐encoded small proteins became only apparent with …

Biofilm-related infections are resistant forms of pathogens that are regarded as a medical
problem, particularly due to the spread of multiple drug resistance. One of the factors …

The general stress response (GSR) is a widespread strategy developed by bacteria to adapt
and respond to their changing environments. The GSR is induced by one or multiple …

The RNA polymerase alternative σ factor RpoS in Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), the Lyme
disease pathogen, is responsible for programmatic-positive and-negative gene regulation …

The antimicrobial resistance crisis along with challenges of antimicrobial discovery revealed
the vital necessity to develop new antibiotics. Many of the animal proline-rich antimicrobial …

Coordination of bacterial stress response mechanisms is critical for long-term survival in
harsh environments for successful host infection. The general and specific stress responses …