In order to generate the tissues and organs of a multicellular organism, different cell types
have to be generated during embryonic development. The first step in this process of cellular …

During organogenesis, the endoderm forms the epithelial lining of the primitive gut tube from
which the alimentary canal and associated organs, such as the liver and pancreas, develop …

The transforming-growth-factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily is critical for establishing mesoderm
during early embryogenesis in Xenopus. The transcriptional activation of Mix. 2, an …

Recent studies have led to a model of the molecular pathway that specifies the endoderm
during vertebrate gastrulation. The HMG box transcription factor Sox17 is a key component …

In Xenopus, the Mix/Bix family of homeobox genes has been implicated in mesendoderm
development. Mixl1 is the only known murine member of this family. To examine the role of …

We have investigated the regulation of the activin-inducible distal element (DE) of the
Xenopus goosecoid promoter. The results show that paired-like homeodomain transcription …

MicroRNAs are crucial modulators of gene expression, yet their involvement as effectors of
growth factor signalling is largely unknown. Ligands of the transforming growth factor-β …

We have identified a human homolog of the Xenopus forkhead activin signal transducer-1
(xFAST-1). Although significantly different in sequence from its Xenopus counterpart, hFAST …

The embryonic endoderm gives rise to the epithelial lining of the digestive and respiratory
systems and organs such as the thyroid, lungs, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. Studies in …

During cleavage stages, maternal VegT mRNA and protein are localized to the Xenopus
embryo's vegetal region from which the endoderm will arise and where several zygotic gene …